Washington, DC - Neuroscientists have discovered brain circuitry for encoding positive and negative learned associations in mice. After finding that two circuits showed opposite activity following fear and reward learning, the researchers proved that this divergent activity causes either avoidance or reward-driven behaviors. Funded by the National Institutes of Health, they used cutting-edge optical-genetic tools to pinpoint these mechanisms critical to survival, which are also implicated in mental illness.

Brawley, California - Pioneers Memorial Healthcare District’s (PMHD) Board of Directors on Monday evening unanimously voted to pursue an affiliation arrangement with Scripps Health in San Diego, California. The announcement follows discussions surrounding a Request for Information sent in March of this year to several major acute care providers in San Diego seeking expressions of interest in affiliating with PMHD. While several excellent responses were received, the PMHD Board determined that, as part of its strategic initiative to improve access to care for Imperial Valley residents, the best choice would be an affiliation relationship with Scripps.

Rochester, Minnesota - It's National Stroke Awareness Month and one of the biggest misconceptions about stroke is that it only happens to the elderly. While age is one of the risk factors and your chance for a stroke increases with age, anyone can have a stroke.

Scottsdale, Arizona - If you're concerned about your risk of prostate cancer, you may be interested in prostate cancer prevention.

Red Wing, Minnesota - With the snow finally gone and the frost out of the ground, many people but especially farmers are in the midst of spring planting. It’s a season of hope as seeds are planted and the green tinge of young shoots begins to cover the fields. As those seeds are planted, Mayo Clinic Health System urges farmers to use safe farming practices to avoid a visit to the Emergency Department.

Scottsdale, Arizona - Over the past decade, numerous studies have shown that many Americans have low vitamin D levels and as a result, vitamin D supplement use has climbed in recent years. Vitamin D has been shown to boost bone health and it may play a role in preventing diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease and other illnesses. In light of the increased use of vitamin D supplements, Mayo Clinic researchers set out to learn more about the health of those with high vitamin D levels.  They found that toxic levels are actually rare.