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Washington, DC - Pharmaceutical company Mallinckrodt ARD LLC (formerly known as Mallinckrodt ARD Inc. and previously Questcor Pharmaceuticals Inc. "Questcor"), has agreed to pay $15.4 million to resolve claims that Questcor paid illegal kickbacks to doctors, in the form of lavish dinners and entertainment, to induce prescriptions of the company’s drug, H.P. Acthar Gel (Acthar) from 2009 through 2013.

The Federal Anti-Kickback Statute prohibits a pharmaceutical company from offering or paying, directly or indirectly, any remuneration — which includes money or any other thing of value — with the intent to induce a health care provider to prescribe a drug reimbursed by a federal health care program, including Medicare. This prohibition extends to such practices as “wining and dining” doctors to induce them to write Medicare prescriptions of a company’s products. 

The government alleged that, from 2009 to 2013, twelve Questcor sales representatives marketing Acthar provided illegal remuneration to health care providers in the form of lavish meals and entertainment expenses.  The company paid this remuneration, the government alleges, with the intent to induce Acthar Medicare referrals from those health care providers, resulting in a violation of the Anti-Kickback Statute and the submission of false claims to Medicare.

“The Department of Justice will hold companies accountable for the payment of illegal kickbacks in any form,” said Assistant Attorney General Jody Hunt of the Department of Justice’s Civil Division. “Improper inducements have no place in our federal healthcare system, which depends on physicians making decisions based on the healthcare needs of their patients and not on or influenced by personal financial considerations.” 

“When companies buy off doctors, patients suffer.  My Office is committed to rooting out this type of behavior and the Anti-Kickback Statute is a critical tool in that fight,” said U.S. Attorney McSwain.  “We will continue to protect the integrity of our healthcare system by holding drug companies accountable for their conduct.”

“Paying kickbacks to win business, as contended in this case, cheats taxpayers and the patients who rely on government health care programs for essential care,” said Maureen R. Dixon, Special Agent in Charge for the Office of Inspector General of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.  “We will continue working with our law enforcement partners to hold accountable entities paying such kickbacks.”

The allegations that are the subject of yesterday’s settlement were originally alleged in two cases filed under the whistleblower, or qui tam, provision of the False Claims Act.  The act permits private parties to sue for fraud on behalf of the United States and to share in any recovery.  The act also permits the government to intervene in such actions, as the government previously did in the two whistleblower cases.  The whistleblowers will receive approximately $2.926 million of the settlement.  The government is continuing to pursue claims in these two matters alleging that Mallinckrodt violated the False Claims Act by using a foundation as a conduit to pay illegal kickbacks in the form of copay subsidies for Acthar.  These claims are not being resolved by the settlement. 

The government’s pursuit of these matters illustrates the government’s emphasis on combating healthcare fraud.  One of the most powerful tools in this effort is the False Claims Act.  Tips and complaints from all sources about potential fraud, waste, abuse, and mismanagement can be reported to the Department of Health and Human Services, at 800‑HHS‑TIPS (800-447-8477). 

This matter is being handled by the Civil Division’s Commercial Litigation Branch and the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, with assistance from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General.  The two lawsuits are captioned United States of America ex rel. Strunck et al. v. Mallinckrodt ARD, Inc., No. 12-CV-0175 (E.D. Pa.) and United States of America ex rel. Clark v. Questor Pharmaceuticals, Inc., No. 13-CV-1776 (E.D. Pa.). 

The claims resolved by this settlement are allegations only and there has been no determination of liability.